Clara Bergs, 10, sits with her therapist in Toronto in October 2012. CITYNEWS
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), often referred to as autism, is a neurobiological condition that can affect the gastrointestinal, immune, hepatic, endocrine and nervous systems. Since the disorder affects brain development, many living with autism have communication and social interaction problems, and exhibit repetitive behaviours.
According to Autism Canada Foundation, children with autism often have intellectual strengths and skills that overshadow the developmental problems.
Some of the strengths include:
Some of the developmental issues include:
Health Canada says some of the signs emerge in a child between 12-24 months of age. However, the agency says autism develops differently in each person.
Some of the signs include:
Click here for a list of other signs.
Various standardized tests and screening tools are used to diagnose autism. In Canada, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is the standard screening tool.
Autism is the most common neurological disorder affecting children and one of the most common developmental disabilities affecting Canadians, Autism Ontario says on its website, adding that it is the third-most common developmental disorder.
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Autism FAQ: What is it, signs, diagnosis and treatment