Category Archives: Batten Disease Treatment

DermatitisSynonymsEczemaA moderate case of dermatitis of the handsSpecialtyDermatologySymptomsItchiness, red skin, rash[1]ComplicationsSkin infection[2]Usual onsetChildhood[1][2]CausesAtopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, stasis dermatitis[1][2]Diagnostic methodBased on symptom[1]Differential diagnosisScabies, psoriasis, dermatitis herpetiformis, lichen simplex chronicus[3]TreatmentMoisturizers, steroid creams, antihistamines[2][4]Frequency245 million (2015)[5] Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group of diseases that results in inflammation of the skin.[1] These diseases are characterized by itchiness, red skin and a rash.[1] In cases of short duration, there may be small blisters, while in long-term cases the skin may become thickened.[1] The area of skin involved can vary from small to the entire body.[1][2] Dermatitis is a group of skin conditions that includes atopic dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis and stasis dermatitis.[1][2] The exact cause of dermatitis is often unclear.[2] Cases may involve a combination of irritation, allergy and poor venous return.[1] The type of dermatitis is generally determined by the person's history and the location of the rash.[1] For example, irritant dermatitis often occurs on the hands of people who frequently get them wet.[1] Allergic contact dermatitis occurs upon exposure to an allergen, causing a hypersensitivity reaction in the skin.[1] Treatment of atopic dermatitis is typically with moisturizers and steroid creams.[4] The steroid creams should generally be of mid- to high strength and used for less than two weeks at a time as side effects can occur.[6] Antibiotics may be required if there are signs of skin infection.[2] Contact dermatitis is typically treated by avoiding the allergen or irritant.[7][8] Antihistamines may help with sleep and to decrease nighttime scratching.[2] Dermatitis was estimated to affect 245 million people globally in 2015.[5] Atopic dermatitis is the most common type and generally starts in childhood.[1][2] In the United States, it affects about 1030% of people.[2] Contact dermatitis is twice as common in females than males.[9] Allergic contact dermatitis affects about 7% of people at some point in time.[10] Irritant contact dermatitis is common, especially among people who do certain jobs; exact rates are unclear.[11] Dermatitis symptoms vary with all different forms of the condition. They range from skin rashes to bumpy rashes or including blisters. Continue reading →

Regional community mental health centers (CMHCs) operate under the supervision of regional commissions appointed by county boards of supervisors comprising their respective service areas. Continue reading →

Your doctor will diagnose cardiomyopathy based on your medical and family histories, a physical exam, and the results from tests and procedures. Continue reading →

CardiomyopathyOpened left ventricle showing thickening, dilatation, and subendocardial fibrosis noticeable as increased whiteness of the inside of the heart.SpecialtyCardiologySymptomsShortness of breath, feeling tired, swelling of the legs[1]ComplicationsHeart failure, irregular heart beat, sudden cardiac death[1][2]TypesHypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, takotsubo cardiomyopathy[3]CausesUnknown, genetic, alcohol, heavy metals, amyloidosis, stress[3][4]TreatmentDepends on type and symptoms[5]Frequency2.5 million with myocarditis (2015)[6]Deaths354,000 with myocarditis (2015)[7] Cardiomyopathy is a group of diseases that affect the heart muscle.[8] Early on there may be few or no symptoms.[1] Some people may have shortness of breath, feel tired, or have swelling of the legs due to heart failure.[1] An irregular heart beat may occur as well as fainting.[1] Those affected are at an increased risk of sudden cardiac death.[2] Types of cardiomyopathy include hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, and takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome).[3] In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy the heart muscle enlarges and thickens.[3] In dilated cardiomyopathy the ventricles enlarge and weaken.[3] In restrictive cardiomyopathy the ventricle stiffens.[3] The cause is frequently unknown.[4] Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy usually is inherited, while dilated cardiomyopathy is inherited in a third of cases.[4] Dilated cardiomyopathy may also result from alcohol, heavy metals, coronary heart disease, cocaine use, and viral infections.[4] Restrictive cardiomyopathy may be caused by amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, and some cancer treatments.[4] Broken heart syndrome is caused by extreme emotional or physical stress.[3] Treatment depends on the type of cardiomyopathy and the severity of symptoms.[5] Treatments may include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery.[5] In 2015 cardiomyopathy and myocarditis affected 2.5 million people.[6] Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy affects about 1 in 500 people while dilated cardiomyopathy affects 1 in 2,500.[3][9] They resulted in 354,000 deaths up from 294,000 in 1990.[7][10] Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia is more common in young people.[2] Symptoms of cardiomyopathies may include fatigue, swelling of the lower extremities and shortness of breath.[11] Further indications of the condition may include:[11] Cardiomyopathies are either confined to the heart or are part of a generalized systemic disorder, both often leading to cardiovascular death or progressive heart failure-related disability. Other diseases that cause heart muscle dysfunction are excluded, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, or abnormalities of the heart valves.[12] Often, the underlying cause remains unknown, but in many cases the cause may identifiable.[13] Alcoholism, for example, has been identified as a cause of dilated cardiomyopathy, as has drug toxicity, and certain infections (including Hepatitis C).[14][15][16] Untreated celiac disease can cause cardiomyopathies, which can completely reverse with a timely diagnosis.[17] In addition to acquired causes, molecular biology and genetics have given rise to the recognition of various genetic causes.[15][18] A more clinical categorization of cardiomyopathy as 'hypertrophied', 'dilated', or 'restrictive',[19] has become difficult to maintain because some of the conditions could fulfill more than one of those three categories at any particular stage of their development. The current American Heart Association definition divides cardiomyopathies into primary, which affect the heart alone, and secondary, which are the result of illness affecting other parts of the body Continue reading →

Types of cardiomyopathy There are three main types of inherited cardiomyopathy: Another type of cardiomyopathy, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, can be caused by extreme stress. This type is not passed on through families and often disappears in time. Continue reading →

A ventricle is one of two large chambers in the heart that collect and expel blood received from an atrium towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs. The atrium (an adjacent/upper heart chamber that is smaller than a ventricle) primes the pump. Interventricular means between the ventricles (for example the interventricular septum), while intraventricular means within one ventricle (for example an intraventricular block). Continue reading →

Cerebral palsy is the name for a group of lifelong conditions that affect movement and co-ordination, caused by a problem with the brain that occurs before, during or soon after birth. The symptoms of cerebral palsy aren't usually obvious just after a baby is born. They normally become noticeable during the first two or three years of a child's life. Symptoms can include: The severity of symptoms can vary significantly. Some people only have minor problems, while othersmay beseverely disabled. Read more about thesymptoms of cerebral palsy. Speak to your health visitor or GP if you have any concerns about your child's health or development. Symptoms like those of cerebral palsycan have a number of different causes and aren't necessarily a sign of anything serious. Your child may be referred to specialists in child development who can do some checks and tests tosee if there is a problem. Read more abouttests for cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy can occur ifa baby'sbrain doesn't develop normally while in the womb, or isdamaged during or soon after birth. Causes of cerebral palsy include: But in many cases,the exact cause isn't clear. Read more about the causes of cerebral palsy. There's currently no cure for … Continue reading →

In this Article In this Article In this Article Cerebral palsy is a disorder that affects your movement and muscle tone. The condition, also called CP, is caused by problems in the brain. CP breaks down into four main types, based on the movement involved: The most common kind is spastic CP. If you have it, your muscles are stiff or tight, or they spasm. Doctors break down spastic CP into three groups: If you have dyskinetic CP, your muscle tone might be too tight or too loose. Your movements are uncontrolled: either slow and twisting or quick and jerky. If the muscles in your face or mouth are affected, you might frown, drool and have trouble speaking. Dyskinetic CP breaks down further into these types: Ataxic CP, which is rare, causes problems with coordination and balance. If you have it, you might be unsteady when you walk. You might also shake, which could make it hard to do tasks that need steadiness, such as writing. People with this type of CP have symptoms of more than one type. Most people with mixed CP have a combination of spastic and dyskinetic. The biggest clue that your baby might have cerebral … Continue reading →

Cerebral palsyalso known as CPis a condition caused by injury to the parts of the brain that control our ability to use our muscles and bodies. Cerebral means having to do with the brain. Palsy means weakness or problems with using the muscles. Often the injury happens before birth, sometimes during delivery, or soon after being born. Physical symptoms typically appear in the first few years of life. Infants with cerebral palsy are frequently slow to reach developmental milestones such as learning to roll over, sit, crawl, smile, or walk. Cerebral palsy occurs in 1 in every 300 children (Source: Center for Disease Control). CP can be mild, moderate, or severe. Mild CP may mean a child is clumsy. Moderate CP may mean the child walks with a limp. He or she may need a special leg brace or a cane. More severe CP can affect all parts of a childs physical abilities. A child with moderate or severe CP may have to use a wheelchair and other special equipment. Sometimes children with CP can also have learning problems, speech, problems with hearing or seeing (called sensory problems), intellectual differences, and behavioral or emotional challenges. Cerebral palsy does not always … Continue reading →

Have you ever heard a family member talk about your first step or the first word you spoke? For kids with cerebral palsy, called CP for short, taking a first step or saying a first word may not be as easy. That's because CP is a condition that can affect the things that kids do every day. Some kids with CP use wheelchairs and others walk with the help of crutches or braces. In some cases, a kid's speech may be affected or the person might not be able to speak at all. Cerebral palsy (say: seh-REE-brel PAWL-zee) is a condition that affects thousands of babies and children each year. It is not contagious, which means you can't catch it from anyone who has it. The word cerebral means having to do with the brain. The word palsy means a weakness or problem in the way a person moves or positions his or her body. A kid with CP has trouble controlling the muscles of the body. Normally, the brain tells the rest of the body exactly what to do and when to do it. But because CP affects the brain, depending on what part of the brain is affected, … Continue reading →