Category Archives: Mesenchymal Stem Cells

What is Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disorder. It is a common type of arthritis where nearly 15 million patients are affected by this condition every year in India. The main reason for OA is wear and tear of the articular cartilage and ligament, loss of synovial fluid or loss of regenerative capacity of chondrocytes. The articular cartilage is especially vulnerable to damage. Normal load-bearing capacity and biomechanical properties of thinning cartilage are severely compromised during the course of disease progression. Common joints that are affected by Osteoarthritis are Knee, Hip, Hand Joints, Neck etc. What Causes Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis symptoms and signs Osteoarthritis is a progressive joint disease, The most common symptoms of osteoarthritis are: Common symptoms related to the following conditions possibly treated by mesenchymal stem cells for osteoarthritis as well as bone-related injuries: Osteoarthritis is characterized by joint pain, stiffness, inflammation and reduced movement of the joints. OA being a degenerative disease and with pain making day to day activities more difficult, It is crucial to find a way to cope with the pain and the discomfort. There are several exercises for osteoarthritis of the knee. Although surgical and pharmaceutical interventions are currently available for treating … Continue reading →

Abstract Cell transplantation has been well explored for cartilage regeneration. We recently showed that the entire articular surface of a synovial joint can regenerate by endogenous cell homing and without cell transplantation. However, the sources of endogenous cells that regenerate articular cartilage remain elusive. Here, we studied whether cytokines not only chemotactically recruit adipose stem cells (ASCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and synovium stem cells (SSCs) but also induce chondrogenesis of the recruited cells. Recombinant human transforming growth factor-3 (TGF-3; 100 ng) and/or recombinant human stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1; 100 ng) was control released into an acellular collagen sponge cube with underlying ASCs, MSCs, or SSCs in monolayer culture. Although all cell types randomly migrated into the acellular collagen sponge cube, TGF-3 and/or SDF-1 recruited significantly more cells than the cytokine-free control group. In 6 wk, TGF-3 alone recruited substantial numbers of ASCs (55865) and MSCs (30252), whereas codelivery of TGF-3 and SDF-1 was particularly chemotactic to SSCs (400120). Proliferation of the recruited cells accounted for some, but far from all, of the observed cellularity. TGF-3 and SDF-1 codelivery induced significantly higher aggrecan gene expression than the cytokine-free group for ASCs, MSCs, and SSCs. Type II collagen gene expression was … Continue reading →

Verified March 2015 by Hospital de Cruces Sponsor: Collaborators: Hospital Universitario Getafe Hospital Infantil Universitario Nio Jess, Madrid, Spain Information provided by (Responsible Party): Clara I. Rodrguez, Hospital de Cruces ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02172885 First received: June 12, 2014 Last updated: March 17, 2015 Last verified: March 2015 The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of two infusions of characterized HLA-identical MSC in non immunosuppressed children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI). Two Mesenchymal Stem Cell infusions Mesenchymal Stem Cell Infusions The principal aim of this trial is to assess the safety of non-mutated HLA-identical Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation for OI pediatric patients irrespective of treatment with biphosphonates. Since MSC are inherently non-immunogenic and do not elicit proliferation of allogeneic lymphocytes (in co-culture experiments), a cell therapy based on HLA-identical or histocompatible (at least 5 shared out of 6 HLA antigens) allogenic MSC may be accomplished without subjecting the patients to immunosuppressor treatment. Adverse secondary effects due to immunosuppressor treatment will be avoided using this strategy thus patients may benefit from two cellular infusions. The patients will be followed for 3 and a half years post their second and last MSC infusion. Inclusion Criteria: Exclusion Criteria: Please … Continue reading →

Prolonged life expectancy, life style and environmental changes have caused a changing disease pattern in developed countries towards an increase of degenerative and autoimmune diseases. Stem cells have become a promising tool for their treatment by promoting tissue repair and protection from immune-attack associated damage. Patient-derived autologous stem cells present a safe option for this treatment since these will not induce immune rejection and thus multiple treatments are possible without any risk for allogenic sensitization, which may arise from allogenic stem cell transplantations. Here we report the outcome of treatments with culture expanded human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs) of 10 patients with autoimmune associated tissue damage and exhausted therapeutic options, including autoimmune hearing loss, multiple sclerosis, polymyotitis, atopic dermatitis and rheumatoid arthritis. For treatment, we developed a standardized culture-expansion protocol for hAdMSCs from minimal amounts of fat tissue, providing sufficient number of cells for repetitive injections. High expansion efficiencies were routinely achieved from autoimmune patients and from elderly donors without measurable loss in safety profile, genetic stability, vitality and differentiation potency, migration and homing characteristics. Although the conclusions that can be drawn from the compassionate use treatments in terms of therapeutic efficacy are only preliminary, the data provide convincing … Continue reading →

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are fibroblast-like cells isolated from bone marrow, adipose, and other tissues - including cord blood, peripheral blood, fetal liver, skeletal muscle, placenta, amniotic fluid and synovium.1-7See MoreThese are all vascularized tissues, and accumulating evidence suggests that MSCs are pericytes8 which closely encircle endothelial cells in capillaries and microvessels of multiple organs.8-15 MSCs are defined by properties exhibited following in vitro culture. Namely the ability to self-renew, differentiate into bone, adipose and cartilage tissue,16 the expression of CD105, CD73 and CD90, and the lack of expression of CD45, CD34,CD11b and HLA-DR. While originally coined mesenchymal stem cells,17 MSCs are also referred to by other terms, such as multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells,16,18 mesenchymal progenitor cells19 or medicinal signaling cells.20 No single term has been uniformly adopted, and as a result, the acronym MSC is commonly used to encompass all terminologies applied to these cells. MSCs have potential utility in a range of cellular therapies, with applications relating to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, and as vehicles for gene therapy.21-24 To realize the therapeutic potential of MSCs, studies in animal models are of fundamental importance. Because MSCs are rare, occurring at an estimated frequency of 1 in 100,000 cells … Continue reading →

Curr Opin Hematol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 Jun 1. Published in final edited form as: PMCID: PMC3365862 NIHMSID: NIHMS16948 Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the spindle shaped plastic-adherent cells isolated from bone marrow, adipose, and other tissue sources, with multipotent differentiation capacity in vitro. However, whether MSCs truly qualify as stem cells is an area of some debate[1]. MSCs were first described by Friendenstein as hematopoietic supportive cells of bone marrow. He showed that MSCs could differentiate to bone in vitro and a subset of the cells had a high proliferative potential (CFU-F) when plated at low density in tissue culture[2,3]. Based largely on Friendensteins work, Maureen Owen proposed the existence of a stromal stem cell to maintain the marrow microenvironment as the hematopoietic stem cell maintains hematopoiesis[4]. The notion of a mesenchymal stem cell was popularized by Arnold Caplan proposing that MSCs gave rise to bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, marrow stroma, adipocytes, dermis, muscle and connective tissue[5]. However, convincing data to support the stemness of these cells were not forthcoming, and now most investigators recognize that in vitro isolated MSCs are not a homogenous population of stem cells, although a bona fide mesenchymal stem cell may reside … Continue reading →

Stem Cell Research & Therapy20101:2 DOI: 10.1186/scrt2 BioMed Central Ltd2010 Published: 15March2010 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotential nonhematopoietic progenitor cells that are isolated from many adult tissues, in particular from the bone marrow and adipose tissue. Along with their capacity for differentiating into cells of mesodermal lineage, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes, these cells have also generated great interest for their ability to display immunomodulatory capacities. Indeed, a major breakthrough came with the finding that they are able to induce peripheral tolerance, suggesting they may be used as therapeutic tools in immune-mediated disorders. The present review aims at discussing the current knowledge on the targets and mechanisms of MSC-mediated immunosuppression as well as the potential use of MSCs as modulators of immune responses in a variety of diseases related to alloreactive immunity or autoimmunity Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also named multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, are largely studied as new therapeutic tools for a number of clinical applications. Indeed, these cells have been shown to have differentiation capacities as well as paracrine effects via the secretion of growth factors, cytokines, antifibrotic or angiogenic mediators [1]. A large body of studies also indicates that MSCs possess an immunosuppressive function both … Continue reading →

Arnold Caplan PhD Seven Part Video Series, all presented conveniently here. June 25, 2013 by jlenner on http://www.CellMedicine.com (VIDEO Part 1) Professor Arnold Caplan of Case Western Reserve University is widely regarded as The Father of the Mesenchymal Stem Cell. This lecture is a must see for anyone interested in stem cell therapy. In Part 1, Prof. Caplan proposes a new regulatory pathway for approval of cell-based therapies and regenerative medicine called Progressive Approval to replace the current US FDA system that is now in place. In Part 2, Prof. Caplan discusses the two types of regenerative medicine: tissue engineering and in vivo tissue regeneration, hematapoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. All mesenchymal stem cells are pericytes and have immuno-modulatory and trophic properties. The Science of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Arnold Caplan PhD (VIDEO Part 3) In part 3, Professor Caplan discusses the science behind mesenchymal stem cells: sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), because all MSCs are pericytes one can find them in any tissue that has blood vessels, pericytes express markers of MSCs, frequency of pericytes in human tissue, most abundant source of pericytes is adipose (fat) tissue, adipose-derived stem cells, how MSCs are separated from fat, … Continue reading →

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), derived from healthy adult volunteer human donors, can be obtained from bone marrow donation and cultured in the laboratory. MSCs have shown the ability to find injured tissue, reduce and control inflammation, and assist in tissue repair. Prochymal MSCs will be infused into patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease. Infusions will occur on two separate days, 7-10 days apart. Patients will be monitored for reduced Crohn's disease symptoms. High dose (8 million cells per kg of body weight) Cells in plasmalyte and containing dimethylsulfoxide Other Name: PROCHYMAL two infusions, one week apart, each comprising adult human mesenchymal stem cells Other Name: PROCHYMAL Low dose: 2 million cells per kg body weight Cells in plasmalyte and containing dimethylsulfoxide Other Name: PROCHYMAL two infusions, one week apart, each comprising adult human mesenchymal stem cells Other Name: PROCHYMAL Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), derived from healthy adult volunteer human donors, can be obtained from bone marrow donation and cultured in the laboratory. MSCs have shown the ability to find injured tissue, reduce and control inflammation, and assist in tissue repair. Prochymal MSCs will be infused into patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease. Infusions will occur on two separate days, 7-10 … Continue reading →

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Types include: During the early phases (phases 1 and 2), researchers assess safety, side effects, optimal dosages and risks/benefits. In the later phase (phase 3), researchers study whether the treatment works better than the current standard therapy. They also compare the safety of the new treatment with that of current treatments. Phase 3 trials include large numbers of people to make sure that the result is valid. There are also less common very early (phase 0) and later (phase 4) phases. Phase 0 trials are small trials that help researchers decide if a new agent should be tested in a phase 1 trial. Phase 4 trials look at long-term safety and effectiveness, after a new treatment has been approved and is on the market. Site IRB NCT ID: NCT02315027 Sponsor Protocol Number: 12-005950 The purpose of this study is to determine whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be safely delivered to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). Participant eligibility includes age, gender, type and stage of disease, and previous treatments or health concerns. Guidelines differ from study to study, and identify who can or cannot participate. If you … Continue reading →