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These authors contributed equally to this work

Human cohesin rings entrap DNA and rapidly translocate along DNA by diffusion. Cohesin can pass over small DNAbound proteins but is constrained in its movement by transcription and DNAbound CCCTCbinding factor (CTCF).

Human cohesin rings entrap DNA and rapidly translocate along DNA by diffusion. Cohesin can pass over small DNAbound proteins but is constrained in its movement by transcription and DNAbound CCCTCbinding factor (CTCF).

Singlemolecule imaging of cohesin bound to immobilized DNA reveals that cohesin binds to DNA in a saltresistant manner and translocates with a diffusion coefficient higher than many other DNAbinding proteins (1.720.1m2/s).

Cohesin is released from DNA following cleavage of DNA or the cohesin ring, consistent with topological entrapment.

Cohesin can diffuse past obstacles with a diameter <11nm, including nucleosomes, but not those with a diameter >21nm, such as QDots.

CTCF constrains the movement of cohesin.

Transcribing T7 RNA polymerase provides directionality to cohesin.

Iain F Davidson, Daniela Goetz, Maciej P Zaczek, Maxim I Molodtsov, Pim J Huis in 't Veld, Florian Weissmann, Gabriele Litos, David A Cisneros, Maria OcampoHafalla, Rene Ladurner, Frank Uhlmann, Alipasha Vaziri, JanMichael Peters

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