Hypertension: Nursing Care Management and Study Guide

During Nurse Maegans shift in a hospital hypertension clinic, a patient came in with her daughter. The 85-year-old patient had her blood pressure taken, and Nurse Maegan noted that it is 210/158 mmHg. The patient attributes the increase of her blood pressure to her age.

Hypertension is one of the most common lifestyle diseases to date. It affects people from all walks of life. Let us get to know hypertension more by its definitions.

Hypertension has four categories that have no compelling indications. These four categories rely on the blood pressure measurements of the patient so these must be taken accurately.

In a normal circulation, pressure is transferred from the heart muscle to the blood each time the heart contracts and then pressure is exerted by the blood as it flows through the blood vessels.

The pathophysiology of hypertension follows.

Hypertension is slowly rising to the top as one of the primary causes of morbidity in the world. Here are the current statistics of the status of hypertension in some of the leading countries.

Hypertension has a lot of causes just like howfever has many causes. The factors that are implicated as causes of hypertension are:

Many people who have hypertension are asymptomatic at first. Physical examination may reveal no abnormalities except for an elevated blood pressure, so one must be prepared to recognize hypertension at its earliest.

Prevention of hypertension mainly relies on a healthy lifestyle and self-discipline.

If hypertension is left untreated, it could progress to complications of the different body organs.

Assessment of the patient with hypertension must be detailed and thorough. There are also diagnostic tests that can be performed to establish the diagnosis of hypertension.

Main Topic: Antihypertensive Drugs

The goal of hypertensive treatment I to prevent complications and death by achieving and maintaining the arterial blood pressure at 40/90 mmHg or lower.

Stage 1 Hypertension

Stage 2 Hypertension

The goal of nursing management is to help achieve a normal blood pressure through independent and dependent interventions.

Nursing assessment must involve careful monitoring of the blood pressure at frequent and routinely scheduled intervals.

Based on the assessment data, nursing diagnoses may include the following:

Main article: 6 Hypertension Nursing Care Plans

The major goals for a patient with hypertension are as follows:

The objective of nursing care focuses on lowering and controlling the blood pressure without adverse effects and without undue cost.

At the end of the treatment regimen, the following are expected to be achieved:

Following discharge, the nurse should promote self-care and independence of the patient.

These are the following data that should be documented for the patients record:

Lets test what youve learned with this 5-item quiz!

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Practice Quiz: Hypertension

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1.Stage 1 hypertension is defined as persistent blood pressure levels in which the systolic pressure is ____ and the diastolic is ____.

A. 120/80 mm Hg.B. 130/80 mm Hg.C.140/90 mm Hg.D.150/90 mm Hg.

2. Which among the thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics is the most preferred oral antihypertensive drug due to its prolonged half-life and proven trial reduction of Cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

A.Chlorthalidone.B. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ).C. Indapamide.D. Metolazone.

3.A characteristic symptom of damage to the vital organs as a result of hypertension is:

A. Angina.B. Dyspnea.C. Epistaxis.D.All of the above.

4.Pharmacologic therapy for patients with uncomplicated hypertension would include the administration of:

A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.B. Alpha blockers.C. Beta-blockers.D. Calcium antagonists.

5.An expected nursing diagnosis for a patient with hypertension is:

A. Heart failure.B. Knowledge deficit.C. Myocardial infarction.D. Renal insufficiency.

Answers and Rationale

1.Answer: B. 130/80 mm Hg

Stage 1 hypertension starts when the patient has a systolic blood pressure of 130 to 139 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure of 80 to 89 mm Hg.

2. A.Chlorthalidone.

Chlorthalidone is the most potent thiazide-type diuretic. Studies show that it provides greater blood pressure lowering effects over a 24-hour period than Hydrochlorothiazide.

3.Answer: A. Angina

Prolonged lack of oxygen caused by hypertension results in angina or chest pain.

4.Answer: C. beta blockers

The initial medications recommended for uncomplicated hypertension is beta blockers.

5.Answer: B. Knowledge deficit

Patients are sometimes misinformed about hypertension and end up getting confused or misunderstanding the condition.

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Hypertension: Nursing Care Management and Study Guide