What is cardiac transplantation? An overview – Emergency Live International

The surgical technique used in almost all cases is what is known as orthotopic, indicating that the transplanted organ is placed in the same position as the native one.

Today, cardiac transplantation is the decisive therapy for a number of extremely serious heart diseases in which alternative pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies are no longer able to ensure adequate survival and/or quality of life.

The heart diseases that lead to cardiac transplantation in the most severe cases are ischaemic heart disease, in patients with very extensive or multiple infarcts, cardiomyopathies (primary diseases of the heart muscle, with no known identifiable cause), some heart valve diseases and some congenital heart diseases.

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Rarer cases are represented by certain arrhythmic diseases and even more infrequently by diseases characterised by the accumulation in the heart muscle of substances that impair its function.

There are of course also contraindications, which can be summarised as being over 65 years of age at the time of listing (although in individual cases, even older but biologically younger patients have been transplanted) and the presence of serious associated pathologies (some cases of diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, history of cancer in the last 5-10 years due to the high risk of recurrence of the neoplastic disease in the presence of immunosuppressive therapy).

Since the introduction of cyclosporine in immunosuppressive therapy more than 20 years ago, the results of cardiac transplantation are excellent, with distant survival and above all a very good quality of life.

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Many patients of working age are able to return to their previous occupation, while in the area of recreation, sport and leisure, nothing is precluded from cardiac transplant recipients.

The main problems are essentially

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What is cardiac transplantation? An overview - Emergency Live International